stdio.h Standart C Kitaplığı

C Programlama Linux GCC

04 Ocak 2018 - Türkiye

9 dakikalık okuma

Bir stdio.h üstbilgi dosyası, giriş ve çıkış işlemlerini gerçekleştirmek için C standart kütüphane işlevleri içerir. Stdin, stdout ve stderr'de ve dosya üzerinde giriş ve çıkış işlemleri gerçekleştiren fonksiyonları içerir. Getchar gibi özel bir veri türü için özel olarak tanımlanan işlevleri ve printf ve scanf gibi genel işlevleri içerir.

List of stdio.h Library Functions

Click on function names below to see detailed description of functions.


Function	Description
clearerr	Clears error indicators associated with a given stream.
fclose	Closes the stream and flushes buffers associated with the given stream.
feof	Checks the end-of-file indicator of the given stream.
ferror	Checks the error indicator of the given stream.
fflush	Flushes the content of the given stream.
fgetc	Gets the next character from the given stream.
fgetpos	Gets current position of the given stream.
fgets	Reads a line from given stream and stores it into a character array.
fopen	Opens a file in the given mode.
fprintf	Writes formatted output to a stream.
fputc	Writes a character to the given stream.
fputs	Writes a string to the given stream excluding the null terminating character.
fread	Reads data from the given stream and stores it into an array.
freopen	Reopens a stream with different file or mode.
fscanf	Read formatted data from given stream.
fseek	Changes the position indicator of the given stream.
fsetpos	Sets the position indicator of the given stream.
ftell	Returns the current position of the given stream.
fwrite	Writes data from an array to the given stream.
getc	Gets the next character from the given stream and increments the position indicator.
getchar	Returns a character from stdin stream.
gets	Reads a line from stdin and stores it into given character array.
perror	Prints an error message to stderr.
printf	Print formatted data to stdout.
putc	Writes a character to the given stream and increment the position indicator.
putchar	Writes a character to stdout stream.
puts	Writes a string to stdout stream excluding null terminating character.
remove	Deletes a file.
rename	Changes the name of an existing file.
rewind	Reset the position indicator to the beginning of the file.
scanf	Reads formatted data from stdin.
setbuf	Sets buffer for the given stream.
setvbuf	Sets buffer for the given stream with various buffering modes.
sprintf	Writes formatted data to given string.
sscanf	Reads formatted data from given string.
tmpfile	Creates a temporary file having unique file name.
tmpnam	Generates and unique and valid temporary filename.
ungetc	Pushes a character back to the given stream.
vfprintf	Writes formatted data to a stream using an argument list.
vprintf	Print formatted data to stdout using an argument list.
vsprintf	Writes formatted data to a string using an argument list.

Data Types in stdio.h Library


Types	Description
fpos_t	An object used for storing any position within a file.
FILE	An object containing information of a file or stream.
size_t	An unsigned integral type.

The stdio header provides functions for performing input and output.

Macros:

NULL _IOFBF _IOLBF _IONBF BUFSIZ EOF FOPEN_MAX FILENAME_MAX L_tmpnam SEEK_CUR SEEK_END SEEK_SET TMP_MAX stderr stdin stdout

Functions:

clearerr(); fclose(); feof(); ferror(); fflush(); fgetpos(); fopen(); fread(); freopen(); fseek(); fsetpos(); ftell(); fwrite(); remove(); rename(); rewind(); setbuf(); setvbuf(); tmpfile(); tmpnam(); fprintf(); fscanf(); printf(); scanf(); sprintf(); sscanf(); vfprintf(); vprintf(); vsprintf(); fgetc(); fgets(); fputc(); fputs(); getc(); getchar(); gets(); putc(); putchar(); puts(); ungetc(); perror();

Variables:

typedef size_t

typedef FILE

typedef fpos_t

2.12.1 Variables and Definitions

size_t is the unsigned integer result of the sizeof keyword.

FILE is a type suitable for storing information for a file stream.

fpos_t is a type suitable for storing any position in a file.

NULL is the value of a null pointer constant.

_IOFBF, _IOLBF, and _IONBF are used in the setvbuf function.

BUFSIZ is an integer which represents the size of the buffer used by the setbuf function.

EOF is a negative integer which indicates an end-of-file has been reached.

FOPEN_MAX is an integer which represents the maximum number of files that the system can guarantee that can be opened simultaneously.

FILENAME_MAX is an integer which represents the longest length of a char array suitable for holding the longest possible filename. If the implementation imposes no limit, then this value should be the recommended maximum value.

L_tmpnam is an integer which represents the longest length of a char array suitable for holding the longest possible temporary filename created by the tmpnam function.

SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END, and SEEK_SET are used in the fseek function.

TMP_MAX is the maximum number of unique filenames that the function tmpnam can generate.

stderr, stdin, and stdout are pointers to FILE types which correspond to the standard error, standard input, and standard output streams.

stdio.h

stdio - standart giriş / çıkış kitaplığı işlevleri

stdin, stdout, stderr - standart G/Ç akışları

#include <stdio.h>

FILE *stdin;
FILE *stdout;
FILE *stderr;

3 dosya tanımlayıcı, stdin, stdout ve stderr (std = standart) vardır. Bunlar giriş, çıkış ve hata çıkışı için standart akışlardır. Varsayılan olarak, standart girdi klavyeden okunurken, standart çıktı ve standart hata ekrana yazdırılır.

#include <stdio.h>
int getc(FILE *stream);
int getchar(void);
FILE *freopen(const char *pathname, const char *mode, FILE *stream);
int printf(const char *format, ...);

printf() işlevleri çıktıyı stdout’a yazar. getchar() eşdeğeri getc(stdin) dir. getchar() akımdaki bir sonraki karakteri okur ve onu bir int veya dosya sonundaki EOF’ye atanan bir işaretsiz char olarak döndürür.

Bu işaretçiler, işlevler için argüman olarak kullanılabilir. getchar ve putchar gibi bazı işlevler otomatik olarak stdin ve stdout kullanır.

Bu işaretçiler sabittir ve yeni değerler atanamaz. freopen işlevi, akışları disk dosyalarına veya diğer aygıtlara yönlendirmek için kullanılabilir. İşletim sistemi, bir programın standart giriş ve çıkışını komut düzeyinde yönlendirmenizi sağlar.